Everyone's favourite planet. This model was made using MATLAB R2016a on a global map of the planet made by Bjorn Jonsson, with the contrast enhanced, the exact same method I've used with
Jupiter . The rings were mare using a image of a section of the ring, projecting them in cylindrical coordinates.
The file's names explained:
name_1_x_10_y.stl is 1 : x * 10
y. So _1_6_10_7 is 1:600000000 or one in 60 million.
Saturn
Saturn is the second largest planet on the Solar System, the planet with the brighter ring system by far, rivalling with the reflection of the planet. It has the most pronounced polar flattening of all the Solar system planets, nearly 10% (
Earth's one is 0.3%), after its fast rotation (in ten hours). Jupiter spins a little faster but it is more massive than Saturn, so it flattening is lower (6%). The rings of Saturn are composed of tiny particles of ice, from micrometers to meters in size, that forms a continuos disk with different densities along its radius, with the presence of moonlets embebed in the ring. Planet's rings are stable thanks to the gravitational influence of the planet, and the presence of shepherd moons, like
Prometheus and Pandora, that prevents the accretion of the disk material into a denser moon. Saturn is also known for having several kinds of moons, like the planet-sized moon
Titan, which even has an atmosphere; medium size icy moons, like
Mimas,
Enceladus,
Tethys,
Dione,
Rhea and
Iapetus; irregular moons, like
Phoebe; a moon with chaotic rotation:
Hyperion; horseshoe orbit moons:
Janus and Epimetheus; and trojan moons, like
Telesto and Calypso, which orbits along with Tethys, and
Helene and Polydeuces, which orbits along with Dione. Saturn is uncommon among gas giants at not having trojan asteroids. However there are minor planets whose orbits cross that of the outer planets, they are known as centaurs (like Chiron and
Chariklo).
- Type: Planet. Gas giant.
- Orbit: Sun.
- Orbital period: 29.4571 yr.
- Composition: Hydrogen, helium atmosphere; metallic hydrogen mantle, rocky core.
- Density: 0.687 g/cm3.
- Dimensions: 120536 km × 108728 km
- Model scale: 1:5x108 (24cm) 1:1x109 (12cm)
References
Other astronomical objects
Object | Scale [1:x] K = 103 (thousand) M = 106 (million) G = 109 (billion) | Image |
Inner Solar System |
| Mercury | 20M, 60M, 120M |  |
| Venus | 60M, 120M, 250M |  |
| Earth | 60M, 120M, 250M |  |
| Luna | 10M, 20M, 60M |  |
| Mars | 20M, 60M, 120M |  |
| Phobos and Deimos | 200K, 500K |  |
Man-made |
| Salyut 7 | 40, 48, 80, 160 |  |
| |
| Moshup and Squannit | 8K, 20K, 40K |  |
| Ra-Shalom | 20K, 40K |  |
| Castalia | 8K, 20K, 40K |  |
| Bacchus | 8K, 20K |  |
| Bennu | 3K, 8K |  |
| Ryugu | 3K, 8K, 20K |  |
| Geographos | 40K, 80K |  |
| Phaethon | 40K, 80K |  |
| Itokawa | 3K, 8K |  |
| Eros | 80K, 200K, 500K |  |
| Nereus | 3K, 8K |  |
| Didymos and Dimorphos | 8K, 20K |  |
| Mithra | 20K, 40K |  |
| Golevka | 8K |  |
| Toutatis | 40K, 80K |  |
| |
| Gaspra | 200K |  |
| Annefrank | 40K, 80K |  |
| Braille | 20K, 40K |  |
| Vesta | 2M, 4M, 10M |  |
| Šteins | 40K, 80K, 200K |  |
| Iris | 2M, 4M |  |
| Hebe | 1M, 2M, 4M |  |
| Lutetia | 500K, 1M, 2M |  |
| Julia | 1M, 2M, 4M |  |
| Mathilde | 500K, 1M |  |
| Juno | 2M, 4M |  |
| Ceres | 4M, 10M |  |
| Pallas | 4M, 10M |  |
| Kleopatra | 2M, 4M |  |
| Ida | 500K, 1M |  |
| Psyche | 2M, 4M |  |
| Interamnia | 2M, 4M |  |
| Hygiea | 2M, 4M, 10M |  |
| Antiope | 1M, 2M |  |
| |
| Jupiter | 500M, 1G |  |
| Amalthea | 2M, 4M |  |
| Thebe | 1M, 2M |  |
| Io | 20M, 60M |  |
| Europa | 20M, 60M |  |
| Ganymede | 60M, 120M |  |
| Callisto | 60M, 120M |  |
| |
| Saturn | 500M, 1G |  |
| Pan, Daphnis and Atlas | 80K, 200K, 500K, 1M |  |
| Prometheus and Pandora | 1M, 2M |  |
| Janus and Epimetheus | 2M, 4M |  |
| Mimas | 2M, 4M, 10M |  |
| Methone, Anthe and Pallene | 40K, 80K |  |
| Enceladus | 4M, 10M |  |
| Tethys | 4M, 10M, 20M |  |
| Telesto and Calypso | 200K, 500K |  |
| Dione | 4M, 10M, 20M |  |
| Helene | 500K, 1M |  |
| Rhea | 10M, 20M |  |
| Titan | 60M, 120M |  |
| Hyperion | 2M, 4M |  |
| Iapetus | 10M, 20M |  |
| Phoebe | 1M, 2M, 4M |  |
| |
| Uranus | 250M, 500M, 1G |  |
| Puck | 1M, 2M, 4M |  |
| Miranda | 4M, 10M |  |
| Ariel | 10M, 20M |  |
| Umbriel | 10M, 20M |  |
| Titania | 10M, 20M |  |
| Oberon | 10M, 20M |  |
| |
| Neptune | 250M, 500M, 1G |  |
| Larissa | 2M, 4M |  |
| Proteus | 2M, 4M, 10M |  |
| Triton | 20M |  |
| |
| Tempel 1 | 40K, 80K, 200K |  |
| Wild 2 | 40K, 80K |  |
| Churyumov-Gerasimenko | 20K, 40K, 80K |  |
| Hartley 2 | 20K, 40K, 80K |  |
| Borrelly | 40K, 80K, 200K |  |
| Halley | 80K, 200K |  |
Centaurs and TNOs |
| Hidalgo | 500K, 1M |  |
| Chariklo | 2M, 4M |  |
| Pluto and Charon | 10M, 20M |  |
| Styx, Nix, Kerberos and Hydra | 500K, 1M |  |
| Haumea, Namaka and Hiʻiaka | 10M, 20M |  |
| Arrokoth | 200K, 500K, 1M |  |
| Largest TNOs and their moons | 10M, 20M |  |
Extrasolar |
| Exoplanets | 120M, 250M, 500M |  |
| Nearest white dwarfs | 120M, 250M |  |
| HD 189733 b | 1G |  |
| Pulsars | 200K, 500K |  |
| Cygnus X-1 accretion disk | 10M, 20M |  |
| M87* photon ring | 1.5*1014 |  |
Sky maps |
| Heliosphere | 7.5*1013, 1.5*1014 |  |
| Constellations | - |  |
| CMBR | 2*1028 |  |
Ancient |
| Earth (540 Mya to 20 Mya) | 60M, 120M, 250M |  |
| Luna (4 Gya) | 20M, 60M |  |
Speculative |
| Planet Nine | 250M, 500M |  |
| Cube planet | 60M, 120M, 250M |  |
| |
| Ghroth | 4M, 10M |  |
| Arda | 60M, 120M |  |
| Life Foundation rocket | 160, 200, 350, 500 |  |
| B612 | 10, 20, 32, 40 |  |
| Mesklin | 500M, 1G |  |
| Arrakis | 60M, 120M |  |
| Borg cube | 8K, 20K, 40K |  |
| Pern | 60M, 120M |  |
| Europa Monolith | 200K, 500K |  |
| Leonora Christine | 500, 600, 1K, 3K |  |
| Rama | 80K, 200K, 500K |  |
| Death Star | 500K, 1M, 2M |  |
| Starkiller Base | 2M, 4M, 10M |  |
| Z-95 | 40, 80, 160, 200 |  |
| Eternia | 60M, 120M |  |
| Visitors mothership | 20K, 40K |  |
| Wheel of Time Earth | 60M, 120M, 250M |  |
| Nirn, Secunda and Masser | 20M, 60M, 120M |  |
| ID mothership | 2M, 4M, 10M |  |
| ID troop transporter | 200, 350, 500, 1K |  |
| Heptapod spaceship | 1K, 3K, 8K |  |
| Gaijin flowership | 3K |  |
| Red Moon | 60M, 120M |  |
| Halo Array | 4M, 10M, 20M, 60M |  |
| Gem Homeworld | 120M, 250M, 500M |  |
| Citadel of Ricks | 200K |  |
| The Skeld | 40, 80, 160, 200, 350, 500 |  |
Misc |
| Mars (1962 reconstruction) | 60M, 120M |  |
| Flat Earth | 250M |  |
| Expanding Earth | 60M, 120M |  |
| Spaceship of Ezekiel | 80, 160 |  |